Epochs in Neural Network techniques Data Science, Analytics and Big Data discussions

An epoch describes the number of times the algorithm sees the entire data set. So, each time the algorithm has seen all samples in the dataset, an epoch has been completed.

Let’s say we have 2000 training examples that we are going to use . After setting all the weights to zero, you will get a “symmetric” system, i.e. all the neurons will become identical. That will significantly degrade the performance of your classifier.

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Iteration is defined as the number of times a batch of data has passed through the algorithm.In other words, it is the number of passes, one pass consists of one forward and neural network epoch one backward pass. Once Neural Network looks at the entire data it is called 1 Epoch . I believe iteration is equivalent to a single batch forward+backprop in batch SGD.

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The length of an epoch is determined by the pace with which transactions are processed and agreements are reached, however, at about 100 hours, the pace remains relatively constant. A common heuristic for batch size is to use the square root of the size of the dataset.

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These predictions are then compared to the expected output variables at the end of the batch. The error is calculated by comparing the two and then used to improve the model. Given the complexity and variability of data in real world problems, it may take hundreds to thousands of epochs to get some sensible accuracy on test data. Also, the term epoch varies in definition according to the problem at hand.

Every sample in the training dataset has had a chance to update the internal model parameters once during an epoch. The batch gradient descent learning algorithm, for instance, is used to describe an Epoch that only contains one batch. We need terminologies like epochs, batch size, iterations only when the data is too big which happens all the time in machine learning and we can’t pass all the data to the computer at once.

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Then you shuffle your training data again, pick your mini-batches again, and iterate through all of them again. @Hamza Every time that you pass a batch of data (i.e., subset of the entire data), you complete one iteration/ step Iteration and steps are identical concepts in this terminology. In the case of Batch gradient descent, the whole batch is processed on each training pass. Therefore, the gradient descent optimizer results in smoother convergence than Mini-batch gradient descent, but it takes more time.

@InheritedGeek the weights are updated after each batch not epoch or iteration. Finding the optimal number of epochs to avoid overfitting on MNIST dataset. Simplilearn’s AI and Machine Learning Course, co-sponsored by Purdue University and IBM, is a great course for working professionals with a programming background to boost their careers. The total number of batches required to complete one Epoch is called an iteration.